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Empire State Building
History
Empire State Building
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark
NYC Landmark
You are here:
350 Fifth Avenue
New York, New York 10118
U.S.
Contact:
404,454.36 735,908.36 / 40.7484333N 73.9856556W / 40.7484333,-73.9856556Coordinates: 404,454.36 735,908.36 / 40.7484333N 73.9856556W / 40.7484333, -73.9856556
Architect:
Shreve, Lamb and Harmon
The architectural style (s):
Art Deco
Added to NRHP:
November 17, 1982
Designated NHL
June 24, 1986
Designated NYCL:
May 19, 1981
NRHP Reference #:
82001192
The site of the Empire State Building was conceived as the farm of John Thomson in the late 18th century. At the time, a stream running through the site, emptying into Sunfish Pond, located a block away. From the late 19th century, the block was occupied by the Waldorf-Astoria, attended by the Four Hundred, the social elite of New York.
Design and construction
The Empire State Building was designed by William F. Lamb of the architectural firm Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, which produced the construction drawings in just two weeks, using its previous models for the Reynolds Building in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and the Carew Tower in Cincinnati Ohio (designed by the architectural firm WW Ahlschlager & Associates) as a basis. Each year the staff of the Empire State Building sent a birthday card for Father's staff to the construction of Reynolds in Winston-Salem to honor his role as the predecessor of the Empire State Building. The building was designed from the top down. The general contractors were Starrett Brothers and Eken, and the project has been funded primarily by John J. Raskob and Pierre S. Bridge. The construction company was chaired by Alfred E. Smith, former governor of New York and James Farley's General Builders Supply Corporation has provided construction materials. John W. Bowser has been superintendent of the construction project.
A worker bolts beams during construction, the Chrysler Building is visible in the background.
Site excavation began January 22, 1930, and construction on the building itself started symbolically on March 17t.Patrick influence Dayer Al Smith as the Empire State, Inc. president. The project involved 3,400 workers, mostly immigrants from Europe, with hundreds of Mohawk iron workers, many from the Kahnawake reserve near Montreal. According to official accounts, five workers died during construction. grandchildren Governor Smith cut the ribbon on 1 May 1931. Lewis Hine photograph of the construction not only provides valuable material for the construction, but also an overview of common daily life of workers at that time. Specifically, the photo of a worker climbing a guy is emblematic of the era and the building itself.
Construction has been under intense competition in New York for the title of "tallest building in the world." Two other projects fighting for the title, 40 Wall Street and the Chrysler Building, were still under construction when the work began on the Empire State Building. Each held the title for less than a year as the Empire State Building surpassed them upon its completion, 410 days after construction began. The building was officially opened on 1 May 1931 in dramatic fashion, when U.S. President Herbert Hoover turned on the lights of the building with the push of a button in Washington, DC Ironically, the first use of tower lights atop the Empire State Building, The following year, was intended to signal the victory of Franklin D. Roosevelt to Hoover in the presidential election of November 1932.
Opening
the opening of the building coincided with the Great Depression in the United States, and therefore much of its office space without going.